تداعيات القرصنة الالكترونية على العلاقات الدولية: "القرصنة الروسية في الانتخابات الأميركية أنموذجاً"

Abstract

Cyberspace is a dynamic environment that plays a fundamental role in international relations, This environment is characterized by several features, the most important of which are virtuality, globality, direct communication, decentralization and interactivity, the inability to verify identity directly, great diversity, and other features. This in turn makes cyberspace a complex world rich in possibilities and opportunities, but at the same time it is surrounded by many challenges, In addition, the multiplicity of actors present in it can influence international relations, whether from governments, states, international governmental and non-governmental organizations, companies, international institutions, and non-governmental groups. The most prominent example of this is the impact of US-Russian political, military and security relations by the electronic hacking operation carried out by Russia when it penetrated the computers of the National Committee of the US Democratic Party with the intention of tampering with the results of the 2016 presidential election.

The research aimed to achieve several goals, the most important of which was to determine the repercussions of Russian hacking on the conduct of the American election process. The descriptive analytical method and the historical method were relied upon, and several results were reached, the most prominent of which was that the attack on the information infrastructure of other countries constitutes an important part of the Russian information war strategy. Among the most prominent recommendations of the research is the necessity of cooperation between countries with regard to prosecuting the perpetrators of electronic crimes and bringing them to justice, given the wide scope of the impact of these crimes as they cross borders, in addition to imposing the most severe criminal penalties against their perpetrators.