دراسة فعالية مستخلص قشور البرتقال بالمقارنة مع بعض الصادات الحيوية على جراثيم الإيشريكية القولونية (Escherichia coli) المعزولة من الفروج

Abstract

The research was conducted on (16) poultry farms, where a number of samples suspected of being infected were selected with the aim of isolating and confirming the infection with Escherichia coli in some broiler farms in Tartous Governorate and studying the effectiveness of some antibiotics used in its treatment and comparing them with two orange peel extracts (aqueous and alcoholic) in order to find natural alternatives to antibiotics and reduce their side effects. The samples were collected during the period from 11/13/2023 to 7/9/2024 from different areas: (Majdaloun Al-Bustan, Al-Mantar, Beit Al-Jabal, Baslouh, Ain Dabash, Jourat Al-Jawamis, Sarstan, Amrit, Beit Al-Khatib, Jaditi, Matrouh, Qamsiyeh, Marqia, Safliyeh, Mushrifat Kahla, Al-Hamidiyah). Birds were collected, clinical symptoms were recorded and pathological dissection was performed. The samples were cultured in nutrient broth and incubated at (37) C for 24 hours, then cultured on specific media to diagnose the presence of Escherichia coli and isolate them. Sensitivity tests were conducted for three antibiotics: Fosfomycin, Chloramphenicol, Erythromycin and compared with aqueous and alcoholic orange peel extracts. The results showed clear and different differences, as the alcoholic and aqueous orange extracts outperformed the antibiotics (Fosfomycin mg/ml, Chloramphenicol mg/ml, Erythromycin mg/ml) where the average diameters of inhibition were (10.767 mm) for the alcoholic extract and (8.468 mm) for the aqueous extract and (3.667, 3.067, 2.333 mm) for the antibiotics (Erythromycin, Fosfomycin, Chloramphenicol) respectively. This indicates the necessity and importance of orange extracts and the trend to use them as a natural alternative to these antibiotics, which reduces the chances of bacterial resistance and antibiotic damage, and requires work to increase guidance and awareness of using these antibiotics in a responsible and non-random manner with national interest towards this.