النموذج العاملي عند غريماس؛ الأدوار العاملية والعوامل السردية والمربع التحقيقي _قراءة سيميائيّة في رواية "مرداد" لميخائيل نعيمة_

Abstract

This study aims to provide an in-depth examination of Greimas’s actantial model, focusing on actantial roles, narrative functions, and the veridictory square as primary tools for understanding the semantic structure of narrative texts. The research begins with the theoretical framework of the model, explaining its roots in the works of Propp, Souriau, and Tesnière, and then presents Greimas’s final formulation, which distributes the actantial roles across three main axes: desire, communication, and conflict. It also outlines the stages of the narrative program, from manipulation to retribution.

The study further reveals the axiological and semantic structures of texts, highlighting the role of the veridictory square in assessing the veracity of actions and their relationships between surface and depth. In this context, Mirdad is presented as a case study.

The research concludes that the actantial model is an effective tool for understanding the deep structures of literary texts and for uncovering the axiological and semantic conflicts that govern the narrative trajectory.