الأطماع الاستعمارية في القارة الإفريقية خلال القرن التاسع عشر قواعد: عدن، أوبوك، عصب على سواحل البحر الأحمر أنموذجاً

Abstract

The Red Sea is located at the junction of the three continents of the Old World and enjoys a unique position as a connecting link between the eastern seas (the Gulf of Aden, the Arabian Sea, the Indian Ocean, and the Arabian Gulf) and the western seas (the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean). Throughout the ages, it has played an active role in linking the surrounding countries, serving as a route for navigation among them and a means of facilitating trade exchange.

Due to this importance, colonial powers (Britain, France, and Italy) sought to stimulate and reinforce colonial movements aimed at exploiting the political, economic, and human resources of the local populations. They established their bases—Aden, Obock, Assab—along the Red Sea coasts and at strategically significant points. This was merely a prelude to penetrating deeper into the African continent and exploiting its resources, with the ultimate goal of controlling global trade between East and West