دراسة تأثير تصميمين لشبكات التصريف تحت السطحي المستخدمة في معالجة ملوحة التربة في البيوت المحمية على بعض المؤشرات المتعلقة بمحصول البندورة

Abstract

This research was conducted in Tartous Governorate, Al-Soudah village, Akkar Plain, during the tenth month of the year (2024), where the effect of using two designs of subsurface drainage networks in treating soil salinity in greenhouses planted with tomato crops and its impact on some indicators related to this crop was studied. Main agricultural pipes made of (high-density polyethylene) with a diameter of 2 inches for the main pipe and a length of (9 m), were used after drilling regular holes with a diameter of 8 mm. Sub-agricultural pipes made of high-density polyethylene with a diameter of (1 inch), were also used, and were drilled with a diameter of (8 mm). These holes were covered with a metal mesh to protect the pipes from dust and the penetration of plant roots into them. The experiments were conducted at a depth of (30 cm). To collect the water seeping from the soil and to ensure the isolation of the studied area from water entering the greenhouse, a trench was dug around the greenhouse. The washing process was carried out at a rate of five washes with an interval of about a month between each wash, and the surface irrigation method was used. The results showed an increase in tomato crop productivity when using the oblique and parallel design compared to the productivity of the untreated soil (control). The productivity in the treated soil using the oblique and parallel design reached (16.550, 17.021) kg/80 plants, respectively, while the productivity in the untreated soil reached (16.301) kg/80 plants. The average increase in productivity using the oblique and parallel designs was (1.529, 4.416)%, respectively, compared to the untreated section (control). The average increase using the oblique design was (2.84)% compared to the parallel design. An improvement was observed in the seedling length after soil washing, as the average increase in seedling length using the oblique and parallel designs was (10.22, 17.06)%, while the average increase using the oblique design was (6.20)% compared to the parallel design. The leaf surface area in the untreated section was (1487.4) cm2/plant, while the leaf surface area in the treated areas using the oblique and parallel designs was (1678.35, 1798.95) cm2/plant, respectively. The average increase in the leaf cross-sectional area using the oblique and parallel designs was (12.81, 20.94)%, respectively, compared to the untreated section (control), and the average increase in the leaf surface area using the oblique design compared to the parallel design was (7.18)%.