تصميم حسابي لتوربين بيلتون لمحطة الطاقة الكهرومائية ودراسة أثر تغير الارتفاع عليه

Abstract

Water resources are among the most abundant natural resources, as there are many rivers, streams and dams that contain large amounts of electrical energy. In addition, it is expected that hydroelectric power plants will be implemented increasingly in the future due to the increasing demand for energy and the decrease in fossil fuels. Moreover, the cost of hydroelectric power is relatively cheaper compared to other resources. Therefore, in this research, a computational study was conducted to design the most important part of the hydroelectric station, which is the hydraulic turbine. In this research, we will specialize in studying the Pelton turbine suitable for high altitudes, as the possible power produced at a height of 512.5 [m] and a flow of 1 [m3/sec] was calculated and amounted to 4524.863 [kW]. The actual Rotational speed of the turbine was 671.978 [r.p.m], the specific speed was 18.537[r.p.m], the turbine diameter was 1.312 [m], the jet diameter was 0.115 [m], and the number of nozzles required was one nozzle with an outlet diameter of 0.054[m] and the number of blades was [21] and the basic dimensions of the bucket and nozzle were calculated and we concluded that at a constant flow of 1[m3/sec] and with an increase in height from 25[m] to 1000[m] the power and speeds increase at the entrance and exit of the bucket while the turbine achieves maximum efficiency starting from a height of 435[m] and above while one nozzle is sufficient for us from a height of 208[m] and above, but if the height is less than that we need a greater number of nozzles.