دراسة تأثير استخدام تصميمين لشبكات التصريف تحت السطحي في معالجة ملوحة التربة في البيوت المحمية في سهل عكار

Abstract

This research was carried out in Tartous Governorate in Al-Soudah village, Akkar Plain during July 2024, where the effect of using two designs of subsurface drainage networks in treating soil salinity in greenhouses planted with tomato crops was studied. Main agricultural pipes made of (high-density polyethylene) with diameters of 2 inches for the main pipe and length of (9 m) were used, after drilling regular holes with a diameter of 8 mm. Sub-agricultural pipes made of high-density polyethylene with a diameter of (1 inch) were also used, and they were drilled with a diameter of (8 mm). These holes were covered with a metal mesh to protect the pipes from dust and the entry of plant roots into them. The experiments were conducted at a depth of (30 cm). To collect the water penetrating from the soil, a trench was dug around the greenhouse and to ensure the isolation of the studied area from water entering it. The washing process was carried out at a rate of five washes, with an interval of about a month between each wash, and surface irrigation was used. Experiments showed that in the first wash, the electrical conductivity (Ec) and (pH) of the soil increased due to the accumulation of salts resulting from evaporation in the soil, while in the second wash, their values ​​​​decreased slightly. A decrease in the values ​​​​of the (EC) and (PH) of the soil was observed starting from the third wash, as the values ​​​​of the aforementioned indicators reached the values ​​​​appropriate for tomato crop growth at the end of the fifth wash. It was observed through the experiments that the inclined design was better than the parallel design, as the inclination angle of the pipes helped cover a larger soil area, as the percentage of decrease in electrical conductivity for both the inclined and parallel designs reached (60.13, 63.30)%, respectively, while the percentage of decrease in soil pH for the inclined and parallel designs reached (2.28, 3.49)%, respectively.