Design and analysis of a compact, frequency-resettable patch antenna using H-shaped resistors for 5G applications

Abstract

This work presents the design and analysis of a frequency-resettable slotted patch antenna operating in the millimeter wave band for 5G applications. The proposed antenna is based on a rectangular, slotted H-shaped radiation element fed using Common Plane Wave (CPW/GCPW) technology, which improves alignment and reduces losses. The design was implemented on a Rogers RT Duroid 5880 substrate with a relative dielectric constant of εr = 2.2 and a thickness of 1.3 mm, resulting in overall antenna dimensions of 5 × 5 × 1.3 mm³.

To achieve frequency resetting, two resistors were connected between the feed line and the radiating patch. Three different operating conditions were analyzed at resistance values ​​of 100 Ω, 300 Ω, and 600 Ω. These different values ​​alter the current distribution across the patch surface, thus changing the antenna's resonant frequency to 48 GHz, 55.1 GHz, and 60 GHz.

Simulation results using CST Microwave Studio software showed that the antenna performs well in terms of reflection coefficient, achieving values ​​of -38dB, -28dB, and -32dB, with bandwidths of 10GHz, 12GHz, and 8GHz, in addition to suitable gain at all reset conditions of 7.22dB, 7.15dB, and 6.1dB at resistors of 100Ω, 300Ω, and 600Ω, respectively.